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Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology

Volume 39, 2023

RBG Motif Bridge-Like Lipid Transport Proteins: Structure, Functions, and Open Questions

Abstract

The life of eukaryotic cells requires the transport of lipids between membranes, which are separated by the aqueous environment of the cytosol. Vesicle-mediated traffic along the secretory and endocytic pathways and lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) cooperate in this transport. Until recently, known LTPs were shown to carry one or a few lipids at a time and were thought to mediate transport by shuttle-like mechanisms. Over the last few years, a new family of LTPs has been discovered that is defined by a repeating β-groove (RBG) rod-like structure with a hydrophobic channel running along their entire length. This structure and the localization of these proteins at membrane contact sites suggest a bridge-like mechanism of lipid transport. Mutations in some of these proteins result in neurodegenerative and developmental disorders. Here we review the known properties and well-established or putative physiological roles of these proteins, and we highlight the many questions that remain open about their functions.

Keyword(s): ATG2, BLTP, hobbit, SHIP164, tweek, VPS13
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-cellbio-120420-014634
2023-10-16
2024-04-29
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RBG Motif Bridge-Like Lipid Transport Proteins: Structure, Functions, and Open Questions
Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology 39, 409 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-cellbio-120420-014634
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